Actual problems of innovative economy and law

Journal "Actual problems of innovative economy and law" is included in category B for specialties: in the field of knowledge "Management and administration": 073, 076 (order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine dated 23.08.2023 No. 1035) and 071, 072, 075 (order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine dated 12.20.2023 No. 1543); in the field of knowledge "Social and behavioral sciences" 051 (order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine dated August 23, 2023 No. 1035); in the field of knowledge "Law" - 081 and "Public management and administration" - 281 (order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine dated 12.20.2023 No. 1543).
Registration of an entity in print media: Decision of the National Council of Ukraine on Television and Radio Broadcasting No. 1390 dated 11/16/2023. Media identifier: R30-02018
The journal is indexed in the International Scientific Center of Index Copernicus International

Security features at Ukraine’s critical energy infrastructure facilities

# 51 234-238 Download/view the full text of the article

УДК: 620.9:351.86

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36887/2524-0455-2026-2-51

Pavlov Kostiantyn
Doctor of Economics, Professor, Professor of the Department of Economics and Trade
Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2583-9593
Pavlova Olena
Doctor of Economics, Professor, Head of the Department of Economics and Trade
Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8696-5641
Sadovska Iryna
Doctor of Economics, Professor, Head of the Department of Accounting and Taxation
Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7081-8524
Nahirska Kateryna
PhD in Economics, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Accounting and Auditing
Lutsk National Technical University
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2792-8162
Zhovkovska Tetiana
Doctor of Economics, Associate Professor, Director of Chortkiv Professional College of Economics and Entrepreneurship of Western Ukrainian National University
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3675-3330

Published: 31.05.2026

Ukraine’s critical energy infrastructure faces unprecedented threats from systematic physical destruction caused by missile and artillery strikes, as well as chemical contamination risks from damaged industrial facilities and transformer fires. Since February 2022, the energy system has absorbed over 200 targeted strikes, revealing serious gaps in the existing protection framework that was designed for peacetime industrial accidents, not sustained armed conflict. Purpose. To systematize the main physical and chemical threats to critical energy infrastructure objects, to develop a conceptual four-level protection model, and to define the key conditions for effective protection in wartime and post-war recovery contexts. Materials and methods. The study uses a systemic approach, comparative and structural analysis, and logical modeling. The empirical base includes Ukrainian legislation on critical infrastructure, publications by Prof. Olena Pavlova and other scholars in the field of energy security and chemical safety, international standards for critical infrastructure resilience (EU Directive 2022/2557), and World Bank damage assessment data. Results. The main physical and chemical threats to energy objects are classified and systematized in a structured typology. A four-level conceptual protection model is developed, encompassing passive physical protection, active monitoring and early warning, chemical hazard neutralization, and personnel readiness. The financial and legal conditions for implementing the model — including state minimum standards, co-financing mechanisms, and the “build back better” principle — are substantiated. Conclusions. Effective protection of critical energy infrastructure demands a genuinely integrated approach. Each of the four protection levels is necessary and non-substitutable; the failure of any one level undermines the entire system. Post-war reconstruction offers a unique window for integrating modern protective measures into rebuilt structures.

Keywords: critical energy infrastructure, physical protection, chemical damage, energy security, integrated protection model, wartime threats, civil protection, build back better.

References.

  1. Matiichuk, L., Novosad, O., Pavlova, O., & Korytko, M. (2022). Threats to Energy Security of Ukraine: Identification, Measurement and Directions of Elimination. Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics and Technology, 7(1), 10–19. https://doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2022-1-1
  2. Pavlova, O. M. (2021). Funktsionuvannia мереzhi pidzemnykh hazovykh skhovyshch v konteksti enerhetychnoi bezpeky krainy [Functioning of the network of underground gas storage facilities in the context of energy security of the country]. Naukovyi Visnyk Volynskoho Natsionalnoho Universytetu imeni Lesi Ukrainky, (4), 12–18.
  3. Sukhodolia, O. M., & Kharazishvili, Yu. M. (2020). Enerhetychna bezpeka Ukrainy: metodolohiia systemnoho analizu ta stratehichnoho planuvannia [Energy security of Ukraine: Methodology of system analysis and strategic planning]. NISD.
  4. Pavlova, O., Pavlov, K., Horal, L., Novosad, O., Korol, S., Perevozova, I., Obelnytska, K., Daliak, N., Protsyshyn, O., & Popadynets, N. (2021). Integral Estimation of the Competitiveness Level of the Western Ukrainian Gas Distribution Companies. Accounting, 7(5), 1073–1084. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ac.2021.4.003
  5. Azarov, S. I., Sydorenko, V. L., Yeremenko, S. A., & et al. (2021). Zakhyst krytychnoi infrastruktury v umovakh nadzvychainykh sytuatsii [Protection of critical infrastructure in emergency situations] ( B. Volianskyi, Ed.). IDUTsZU.
  6. Pavlova, O., Pavlov, K., Opashniuk, Yu., Shyrshykov, N., & Kostiuk, M. (2024). Didzhytalizatsiia na vyrobnychykh pidpryiemstvakh v haluzi vyrobnytstva elektrychnykh merezh [Digitalization at Manufacturing Enterprises in the Field of Electrical Network Production]. Enerhozberezhennia, Enerhetyka, Enerhoaudyt. Seriia Ekonomika, (3), 49–61. https://doi.org/10.20998/2313-8890.2024.03.04
  7. Pavlova, O., Skorokhod, I., Karlin, M., Mokhniuk, A., & Bilio, I. (2025). Teoretyko-metodolohichni pidkhody do sutnosti tsyfrovykh tekhnolohii v lohistytsi: innovatsii, stratehii ta vyklyky u suchasnii ekonomitsi [Theoretical and Methodological Approaches to Digital Technologies in Logistics]. Naukovi Innovatsii ta Peredovi Tekhnolohii, (7). https://doi.org/10.52058/2786-5274-2025-7(47)-672-688
  8. Ministry of Energy of Ukraine. (2024). Zbytki ta vidnovlennia enerhetychnoi infrastruktury Ukrainy [Damages and recovery of energy infrastructure of Ukraine]. Ministry of Energy of Ukraine. https://mev.gov.ua
  9. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. (2021). Pro krytychnu infrastrukturu [On critical infrastructure] (Law No. 1882-IX). https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1882-20
  10. Mykhailiv, V., & Voitenko, O. (2023). Zakhyst obiektiv krytychnoi infrastruktury Ukrainy vid raketnykh udariv [Protection of critical infrastructure objects of Ukraine from missile strikes]. Yaderna ta Radiatsiina Bezpeka, (4), 34–46. https://doi.org/10.32918/nrs.2023.4.03
  11. President of Ukraine. (2016). Pro Kontseptsiiu zakhystu krytychnoi infrastruktury [On the Concept of protection of critical infrastructure] (Decree No. 96/2016). https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/96/2016
  12. Pavlova, O. M., & Pavlov, K. V. (2021). Instytutsionalne seredovyshche funktsionuvannia hazorozpodilnykh pidpryiemstv: monitorynh ta stymuluvannia [Institutional environment of gas distribution enterprises functioning: Monitoring and stimulation]. Volynpolihraf.
  13. State Emergency Service of Ukraine. (2022). Metodychni rekomendatsii shchodo zakhystu obiektiv krytychnoi infrastruktury vid khimichnoho zabrudnennia [Methodological recommendations for the protection of critical infrastructure facilities from chemical contamination]. SES of Ukraine.
  14. World Bank. (2024). Ukraine Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment. World Bank. https://www.worldbank.org/ukraine-rdna
  15. Borysenko, V., & Havrylenko, D. (2023). Vplyv elektromahnitnoho impulsu na tsyfravi systemy upravlinnia obiektamy enerhetyky [Impact of electromagnetic pulse on digital control systems of energy facilities]. Tekhnichni Visti, (2), 18–25.
  16. Pavlova, O., Pavlov, K., Haliant, S., & Novosad, O. (2020). Investytsiino-innovatsiina spriamovanist hazorozodilenykh pidpryiemstv rehionu [Investment-Innovation Direction of Regional Gas Distribution Enterprises]. Internauka. Seriia Ekonomichni Nauky, (1). https://doi.org/10.25313/2520-2294-2020-1-5424
  17. European Commission. (2022). Directive 2022/2557 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2022 on the Resilience of Critical Entities. Official Journal of the European Union, L 333/164. https://eur-lex.europa.eu
  18. Pavlova, O., Pavlov, K., & Mokhniuk, A. (2025). Integration of Artificial Intelligence into the Modern Human Resource Management System: Economic Aspect and Digital Transformation. Economic Journal of Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, (2), 45–58.
  19. State Standard of Ukraine. (2004). DSTU 4219:2003. Tekhnohenna bezpeka. Khimichno nebezpechni obiekty. Zahalni vymohy shchodo bezpeky [Technogenic safety. Chemically hazardous objects. General safety requirements]. Derzhstandart of Ukraine.
  20. Azarov, S. I., Sydorenko, V. L., & et al. (2021). Zakhyst krytychnoi infrastruktury v umovakh nadzvychainykh sytuatsii [Protection of critical infrastructure in emergency situations]. IDUTsZU.

Quote article, APA style

Pavlov K. , Pavlova O. , Sadovska I. , Nahirska K. , Zhovkovska T. Security features at Ukraine’s critical energy infrastructure facilities. Actual problems of innovative economy and law. 2026. №2. 234-238 pp. https://doi.org/10.36887/2524-0455-2026-2-51

Quote article, MLA style

Pavlov K. , Pavlova O. , Sadovska I. , Nahirska K. , Zhovkovska T. Security features at Ukraine’s critical energy infrastructure facilities. Actual problems of innovative economy and law. https://doi.org/10.36887/2524-0455-2026-2-51