Actual problems of innovative economy and law

Journal "Actual problems of innovative economy and law" is included in category B for specialties: in the field of knowledge "Management and administration": 073, 076 (order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine dated 23.08.2023 No. 1035) and 071, 072, 075 (order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine dated 12.20.2023 No. 1543); in the field of knowledge "Social and behavioral sciences" 051 (order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine dated August 23, 2023 No. 1035); in the field of knowledge "Law" - 081 and "Public management and administration" - 281 (order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine dated 12.20.2023 No. 1543).
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Blockade of the western border during a full-scale war as a threat to Ukraine’s customs security

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УДК: 39.5

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36887/2524-0455-2023-5-20

Прокопенко Валерія Юріївна,
доктор економічних наук, професор, директор Навчально-наукового інституту економічної безпеки та митної справи,
Державний податковий університет,
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4030-3255
Смірнова Олександра Миколаївна,
кандидат економічних наук, проректор з наукової роботи,
Державний податковий університет,
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5434-5126
Зубрицький Артур Ігорович,
кандидат економічних наук, доцент кафедри економіки та економічної безпеки,
Державний податковий університет,
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8781-2403

The article outlines the main challenges faced by Ukrainian entities engaged in foreign economic activity since the beginning of the full-scale war. The key factors among them were the blockade of access to seaports, destruction, and occupation of industrial infrastructure, as well as mass forced migration of Ukrainians abroad. However, thanks to significant efforts from the workers in the logistics sector and unwavering international support, most of these challenges were successfully mitigated throughout 2022. However, already at the beginning of 2023, some neighboring EU countries introduced several restrictions on food supplies from Ukraine, which remained even after the official cancellation of this decision by the European Commission. Therefore, the aim of the research is to describe the potential effects of the blockade of the western border on Ukraine’s foreign trade and customs security. Based on data regarding the structure of goods exports and imports by modes of transport, as well as statistics on the crossing of borders by cargo trucks from the EQueue system, it was found that the blockade of the western border had a more significant impact on the import of goods. In particular, the losses in goods exports were partially offset by the launch of the temporary export maritime route. However, the decline in goods imports, caused by delays in cargo truck transportation, led to a reduction in customs payments by almost 19% compared to October. Specific recommendations are formulated to reduce the threat of the blockade’s continuation for Ukraine’s customs security in the short term. Attention is focused on the necessity of maximizing the potential for redirecting freight flows to alternative routes and modes of transportation. Moreover, it is proposed to utilize the temporary maritime route not only for exports but also for imports of goods, especially considering that trial purchases were already conducted in November 2023.

Keywords: logistics, full-scale invasion, customs security, blockade of the western border, customs payments.

References.

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The article was received 10.12.2023